1. Membranes
1.1 Structure and materials
Three types of structure are defined: symmetrical, asymmetrical and composite. The first two are made from a single material, while the last is composed of an assembly of materials.
The materials used are organic (polymers) or mineral (ceramics, etc.).
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Membranes
Modules
Economic data
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Prices for organic reverse osmosis membranes
At the end of 2003, reverse osmosis membranes sold for between US$12 and US$26/m 2 , i.e. around e10/m 2 for the cheapest membranes, generally based on cellulose derivatives, and e22/m 2 for composites....
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