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As many industrial processes operate under pressure, information concerning the thermodynamics of equilibria between phases under pressure is essential in energetic engineering. Many models have been offered for the true representation of thermodynamic properties. New thermodynamic models, which have an even greater level of precision and which are based on molecular concept are in progress. These models, more predictive, will help reduce the number of experimental data to determine. They will allow for the dimensioning of thermodynamic systems and the improvement of the understanding of the physical phenomena involved.

Network hybridization is emerging as a strategic solution that leverages the diversity of today's infrastructures (GEO/LEO satellites, fixed and mobile networks). By multiplying data paths, it optimizes the performance, flexibility, and resilience of digital services.This article analyzes interoperability challenges and technical solutions, from the OSI model to application layers, to implement this multi-domain connectivity. It details convergent architectures and explores "multi-mission" hybridization.

Although the conformity assessment and management system standards offer a large flexibility to reference materials users regarding management and control of reference materials, numerous questions stay still open to users preparing a first assessment of their skills. This article aims has to answer has some of enter they to facilitate the dialogue between users and auditors. It presents different approaches recommended to assure traceability demonstration in audit situation, to verify the truthfulness of the Reference materials accompanying certificates and finally an approach of control of the processes of measure.

Vibe coding, the practice of rapidly developing solutions with the support of generative AI, is increasingly adopted in industrial environments. However, its execution speed often reveals weaknesses in decision-making rather than technical limitations. Drawing on industrial field experience, this article analyzes why two-hour sessions succeed or fail, depending on the clarity of the framing, the presence of decision-makers, and the explicitness of business rules. It highlights the benefits, limits, and necessary conditions required to transform a rapid prototype into an operational deliverable.

The simulation of ceramic sintering is an essential tool for predicting deformations, estimating final properties, and optimizing industrial processes. This article examines the main challenges in modeling, such as heating of large parts, deformation control, and thermal cycle optimization. Various finite element–based models are presented, along with their mechanisms and the experimental identification of parameters. Thermo-mechanical coupling is discussed, as well as innovative processes such as flash and microwave sintering. Several examples illustrate the contribution of simulation to structures engineering, heating rates, and the transition toward faster sintering cycles.

Metal nanophases are found in a wide range of applications, where they are used for their properties or to enable product miniaturization. This article aims to understand the reason for the change in properties of metallic nanophases by establishing a clear definition of this type of phase. The dimensions of microstructures, which become nanostructures, are compared to the length scales of properties. The approach is illustrated for mechanical, optical, magnetic, and chemical properties.

The performance of a filter medium is estimated from its filtration efficiency and air permeability. While nonwoven fibrous structures are commonly used, woven and knitted fabrics have proven their efficiency in the past and were brought back into the spotlight during the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) pandemic. The concept of porosity in textiles is complex but essential. This article presents a state-of-the-art review of current knowledge regarding filtration using structured textiles. Various theoretical and empirical approaches are proposed to predict the performance of textile filters.

Soil restoration and de-artificialization are generating considerable interest among many stakeholders as a way to address biodiversity and climate challenges. However, an approach focused solely on soil productivity restauration risks neglecting the biodiversity already established on these brownfield sites and degraded areas. This article presents a frugal approach to soil restoration that relies on existing and potential species—adapted to atypical environments—spontaneous dynamics, soil maintenance, and adaptation to local constraints. Examples from the Nord and Pas-de-Calais territory demonstrate the value of utilizing spoil heaps, quarries, and sand pits rather than resorting to "all-out afforestation".

This article reviews fiber-based technologies enabling high-power laser sources in continuous-wave and pulsed regimes. After recalling guidance principles and the properties of double-clad and microstructured fibers, we describe key high-power components such as pump diodes, pump and signal combiners, fiber Bragg gratings, CPS and QBH terminations. Architectures of oscillators and MOPA systems, including tandem pumping and beam combining, are then discussed for nanosecond and ultrashort regimes, with emphasis on physical limitations and current power-scaling trends.

Due to the expected growth of their market, permanent magnet materials have very favorable future prospects for their development. This is linked to the increasing use of connected devices and electric vehicles, as well as the growing importance of renewable energies in energy production.Ferrite magnets, which account for the largest share of the permanent magnet market revenue, are mainly used in commercial or industrial motors. Nd-Fe-B magnets are seeing their application expand due to their growing use in electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles and wind turbines. Alnico, Sm-Co and Sm-Fe-N magnets are used for specific applications.