1. Penetrometric testing
These tests directly determine the soil's ultimate resistance. Penetrometers are subdivided into dynamic penetrometers (driven into the ground by ramming) and static penetrometers (called quasi-static by some authors), which are jacked into the ground at a slow, steady speed. Core penetration testing (also known as "standard penetration testing" or SPT) occupies a special place, although it is similar in some respects to dynamic penetration testing.
1.1 Dynamic Penetrometers
A dynamic penetrometer is a device essentially made up of a string of rods, at the lower end of which is placed a conical tip with a diameter greater than that of the string of rods (figure 1...
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Penetrometric testing
Site scissometer test
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