3. Directional guards
Directional protection is protection that can locate the faults it detects in relation to its location, i.e. upstream or downstream.
They are mainly used in the field of networks, in the following cases:
ground faults (low impedance neutral, insulated neutral and compensated neutral) ;
polyphase faults in the case of multiple supply sources (parallel primary substation transformers and distributed generation);
polyphase faults in the case of loops or parallel cables.
Figure
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Directional guards