LV network structure
Protection of low-voltage public distribution networks

The vast majority of low-voltage networks (LV: < 1 kV) are operated as antennae and generally in a tree structure (article Network protection. General ).

Some networks in major cities, such as Paris, are operated on a meshed basis to ensure better quality of service.

LV networks are generally derived from three-phase sources, but in many countries, particularly in North America, LV networks are single-phase....