6. Low-level control
This part of the control system will select the submodules to be inserted or disconnected in each half-arm to set the converter to the desired operating point. Two functions are described here:
the modulation function that will enable the desired voltage level to be reached at the terminals of a valve; and
the sub-module voltage balancing function to limit voltage variations between the capacitors of the same valve.
6.1 Modulation
There are several modulation techniques that can be used to control the MMC. The two most commonly used are the PWM technique and the Nearest Level Control (NLC) technique
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Low-level control
Operating principle of an HVDC-VSC connection connected to the transmission grid
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