Conclusion
Perception of sound intensity, pitch and timbre

The psychoacoustic analysis of simple or complex sounds reveals several perceptual dimensions, in relation to the physical parameters of these sounds (intensity, spectrum and temporal envelope, in particular). Those based on intensity and frequency (at least for pure or complex periodic sounds) lead to the definition of one-dimensional notions of sonic force and pitch, whose relationships with intensity and frequency are relatively straightforward. Current physiological data suggest some broad outlines of the neurological principles of loudness and pitch encoding; however, the details of these encodings remain unknown. Recent advances in our knowledge of pathophysiology have led to a better understanding of perceptual disorders caused by deafness, and to more effective remedies. However, most quantitative tests capable of providing an assessment of these disorders remain confined to the...