Polymer reactions can be carried out in solution, in a melt (particularly in a processing machine), by phase transfer catalysis and in the solid state. In the following, some specific methods are described: modification under irradiation, by phase transfer catalysis, by mechanochemistry and in processing machines.
Modifications in the presence of UV or ionizing radiation provide a route to transformations that cannot be achieved chemically or, at the very least, only by reactions that are difficult to implement. This is the case for the isomerization
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