What are the characteristics and uses of mock-ups, prototypes and pre-series, and when should they be used?
Produce mock-ups, prototypes and pre-production models for validation

This does not apply to :

• validation of engineering structures, which is audited by expert firms;

• electronics, microelectronics and associated software, whose validation methods, such as formal methods, are different;

• services that require experimentation on samples of users, sized according to the rules of segmentation of the target population; however, recourse to this type of sampling is the rule for certain products to be validated in the prototyping phase, such as household appliances...