The main principles to be implemented
Think life cycle to redesign products and services

The first principle for innovating or designing sustainably is, of course, to learn about environmental issues. As this is a relatively broad field, a good place to start is with planetary boundaries (see bibliography: Portail Notre Environnement, 2023). Their number may vary from one approach to another, but nine are generally cited:

• climate change;

• the erosion of biodiversity;

• disruption of nitrogen and phosphorus cycles;

• land use change;

• the freshwater cycle;

• the introduction of new entities into the biosphere;...