Conclusion
Smart Cities: a state of the art

In this article, we provide an overview and perspectives on the Smart City concept. In particular, we have focused on smart grid, Internet of Things, cloud computing and software-defined infrastructure paradigms, which are among the pillars underpinning applications in the fields of ecology, transport, health and education, as well as the day-to-day activities of a city. These aspects are fundamental to the well-being of the population, and will in future represent crucial points for the social, cultural and economic research and development directions of major metropolises.