1. A historical perspective
A brief reconstruction of the history of scripting languages allows us to understand the current situation as the result of a tendency to simplify programming activity in order to improve productivity.
The history of scripting languages goes back almost to the early days of computing, around the 1950s, when it was necessary to link data files to the programs processing them, and to sequence these executions. This was known as batch processing. The Job Control Language (JCL) is used to program such "batches" on IBM mainframes.
The 1960s saw the advent of time-sharing systems, including the Multics system in 1964. The idea of programming command execution was gaining ground, and the CTSS system's RUNCOM...
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A historical perspective