Behavior of the main refractory metals and alloys
High temperature gas corrosion of metal and alloy refractories

There are metals or related chemical elements whose oxide layer is impermeable and protective. They form a single, stable oxide whose composition is close to that of the stoichiometry; diffusion is therefore difficult, since these oxides only contain point defects due to thermal activation (see above). above); these are silicon, chromium and aluminum, whose oxides are, moreover, stable (with the exception of chromium oxide Cr ₂ O...