1. Sol-gel process chemistry
The sol-gel process is a so-called "soft chemistry" method for obtaining ceramics by simple polymerization of molecular precursors in solution [14][15]. These precursors can be inorganic salts (Al(NO3)3, for example), but are most often transition metal or silicon alkoxides of the general formula M(OR)4 with M = Si, Ti, Zr...
The formation of an oxide network from alkoxides involves the hydrolysis and condensation reactions described in figure 1.
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Sol-gel process chemistry
References
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(1) - LIVAGE (J.), HENRY (M.), SANCHEZ (C.) - Progress in Solid State Chemistry. 18, p. 259 (1988).
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(2) - BRADLEY (D.C.) - Metal alkoxides - . Academic Press, New York (1978).
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(3) - BRINKER (C.J.), FRYE (G.C.), HURD (A.J.), WARD (KJ.),...
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