5. Magnesium metal extraction
There are two main ways of producing magnesium metal:
the electrolytic route, from MgCl2 ;
the metallo-thermal route, from MgO, by reduction with Si or Al.
To perform molten salt electrolysis, it is necessary to operate with anhydrous or partially anhydrous MgCl2. However, in addition to eliminating impurities in solution, a major difficulty lies in dehydrating magnesium chloride. In fact, 6 molecules of water are bound to the chloride; of these 6 molecules, 4.5 can be removed by heating, but the remaining 1.5 molecules is bound water, which is difficult to extract and forms undesirable products when heated further.
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Magnesium metal extraction