Thermodynamic aspects
Cyanide Alkaline Electrolyte for Copper Plating

Developing the mineral skeleton of the electrolyte requires a well-established procedure. The method consists of successively dissolving potassium cyanide in a dilute potash solution (≈ 5 to 10 g.L ^-1 ), then adding copper cyanide in a substoichiometric quantity compared to potassium cyanide. Under these conditions, the copper in the mother phase is solubilized in the form of complexes of generic formula :