2. Arc furnace principle
Note: Gas flow rates are expressed in cubic meters measured under normal temperature and pressure conditions (0 ˚C and 1.013 · 105 Pa).
The Héroult-type electric melting furnace or free-arc furnace is three-phase. It consists essentially of a refractory-lined vessel, tilting for pouring and deslagging, designed to receive the metal charge, which is melted by means of three vertical graphite electrodes (see figure 17 mark A).
Arc properties are covered in reference...
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Arc furnace principle