Conclusion
Degradation of refractories by slags in steelmaking - Corrosion mechanisms and evolution with slag composition

The production of steel requires complex metallurgical processes, carried out sequentially in numerous furnaces, which are subjected to extreme conditions and lined with refractory materials that endure a wide range of stresses—including temperature, thermal cycling, atmospheric conditions, and corrosion.

Choosing a refractory material remains a challenging task, as it requires finding the best possible combination of properties to withstand a range of stresses and wear mechanisms. This raises a difficult but essential question: how can one make the best technical and economic choices when selecting refractories?

Refractory engineers and technicians who deal with these issues must have a detailed understanding of the metallurgical processes and operations carried out in each facility, identify and assess the stresses placed on the refractories,...