Overview
ABSTRACT
This article is dedicated to grain boundaries at the interfaces between two crystals of the same structure and composition which are the major elements of the microstructure of a material. The theory has been refined over time and has led to a sound understanding of the phenomenon via three basic approaches. The tools of bicristallography allow for a geometric description of the grain boundary. A mechanical description can be obtained via the use of deformations and local constraints. An atomic description is possible at the scale of the crystal defect.
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Louisette PRIESTER : Doctor of Physical Sciences – Professor Emeritus - University of Paris XI Orsay - ICMPE/UMR 7182 CNRS Thiais
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Jany THIBAULT-PENISSON : Doctor of Physical Sciences – CNRS Research Director - IM2NP/UMR 6242 CNRS, Université Paul Cézanne Marseille
INTRODUCTION
Grain boundaries in crystalline materials are homophase interfaces, i.e. those between two crystals of the same structure and composition. Heterophase interfaces between two crystals of different structures, or belonging to different materials, a priori more complex, have given rise to approaches that are specific to them. However, they can be tackled with the same concepts and tools as those used for grain boundaries.
Thus, this article on homophase interfaces can serve as a basis for understanding any type of interface in different crystalline materials: metals, ceramics, semiconductors...
Interfaces are major elements in the microstructure of a material, and play a key role in most of its properties.
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Grain boundaries - Theory and experimentation
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