Pulsed speed characteristics influence electrode processes
Pulsed current electrodeposition

The phenomenological approach is a necessary starting point before implementing or optimizing an electroplating process using modulated electrical regimes. It consists in qualitatively predicting the influence of each characteristic of pulsed regimes on the main physico-chemical processes involved: material transport, formation of crystal nuclei, growth of these nuclei, adsorption phenomena, etc.

This approach is also a prerequisite for any transposition, either of scale or from one metal system to another.