Long periods and breaks in vulnerability
Memory breakdown and increasing vulnerability to disasters

In June 2016, the Seine River flooded Paris at a time of year considered by specialists to be totally unusual, and with a very serious impact on the capital's business, as it was then hosting the European soccer championship as well as many tourists. In financial terms, it cost in excess of 1.4 billion euros. More than a year later, in January 2018 this time, the Seine caused further flooding in several regions and in Paris. According to the French insurers' federation, the damage was estimated at between 150 and 200 million euros. These two hydrological events are a reminder that the city of Paris is highly vulnerable to the risk of flooding. In the event of a major flood like that of January 1910, when the Seine reached a height...