3. Direct observation of nuclear reactions
Nuclear reactions can be classified into four broad categories according to the nature of the residual nucleus and the particle emitted [31][50]:
elastic diffusion or A(a, a)A with Q (heat of reaction) = 0 ;
inelastic diffusion or with Q = 0 and the residual nucleus formed in an excited state;
radiative capture or A(a, γ)B ;
nucleon transfer or A(a, b)B.
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Direct observation of nuclear reactions