Very low attenuation (theoretical minimum 0.16 dB/km) is a decisive advantage of silica optical fibers over all other material transmission media. It must therefore be precisely measured during fiber manufacture, but it must be possible to repeat these measurements throughout the life of the link, as various factors can degrade it (stresses exerted by cable materials, sharp bends, repairs...).
Intrinsic attenuation comes from the physical phenomena of absorption and scattering in the core material, and translates into a linear attenuation term α, in dB/km, which means that the power transmitted at a distance L is given by :
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