Conclusion
Local Probe Microscopy

All of the local probe microscopes presented in this article have contributed to the development of the concept of near-field microscopy. High-resolution imaging of various properties of a sample's surface has opened up new perspectives in materials science, biology, fundamental physics, spintronics, electrochemistry, and plasmonics.

Near-field microscopes go beyond imaging to investigate local properties, whether optical, chemical, mechanical, electrical, etc. These remarkable techniques are the tools of choice for nanotechnology.