Conclusion
Measurement uncertainty and conformity assessment - From uncertainty to risk

Measurement uncertainty is a fundamental element of measurement, allowing the quality of a measurement result to be quantified and compared to other results (for example, during an interlaboratory testing campaign) or to a limit specified by a standard or regulation (for example, for the purpose of certifying compliance).

The GUM framework is a universally recognized methodology for evaluating measurement uncertainty. Initially based on the propagation of uncertainty in a measurement model (or its linear approximation), it has gradually demonstrated its ability to adapt to a wide variety of measurement configurations.

This framework has helped to structure practices and promote international harmonization of methods for evaluating uncertainty. However, evolving measurement contexts—marked by increasingly complex models, the growing use of...