Chip removal operations
Cutting fluids - Role in machining and classification

Today, metalworking is carried out by :

• foundry: production of parts by pouring molten metal into a sand or metal mould;

• forging: manufacture of parts by hot-forming metal ;

• turning, bar turning, milling, broaching, hobbing, drilling, etc. machining to produce parts;

• stamping, cutting, pressing, drawing: manufacture of parts by cold forming;

• grinding with grinding wheels ;

• electro-erosion: removal of material by means of an electric spark between the part to be shaped and a mother electrode following the shape of the cut or wire routing;

• laser machining: a recent development for specific operations;

• sintering: powder molding at high pressure and temperature, enabling the creation of alloys impossible to obtain by fusion.

In this section, we...