2. Elements of low-pressure gas theory
2.1 Pressures and vacuum ranges
Visit pressure is the force exerted by a gas on the area of a real surface divided by this area.
This force comes from the impact of gas molecules hitting the surface.
A force of one newton applied to one square meter generates a pressure of one pascal.
The standard ISO 3529-1 defines different vacuum domains:
100 kPa to 100 Pa: coarse vacuum
100 Pa to 0.1 Pa: medium vacuum
0.1 Pa at 106 Pa: HV high vacuum (High Vacuum)
106 Pa at 109 Pa: ultra-high vacuum UHV (Ultra High Vacuum)
Less than 109 Pa: extreme vacuum...
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Elements of low-pressure gas theory
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