Surface finishes
ISO recommendations for micro and macro geometry tolerancing of mechanical parts and their significance.

Historically, the mechanical functions of parts (sliding contact, static sealing, etc.) have been characterized and correlated using two-dimensional roughness and/or waviness parameters calculated on surface profiles.

Developments in measuring instrument technology and associated software are opening the way to a three-dimensional approach to surfaces for which a 2D analysis is not meaningful: the case of non-isotropic or structured surfaces.

Standardization within the GPS framework provides a framework, via two series of standards, for the development of measuring instruments and their connection to the standard meter, as well as for analysis methods and associated parameters.

The first series...