Glossary
Sodium-Ion Technology : Principle, Positioning and Electrode Materials

Hard carbon

Non-graphitizable carbonaceous material derived from the thermal decomposition of a carbohydrate. It has a disordered structure made up of turbostratic nanodomains (nanometric coherence length in the ab plane and along the c axis) associating weakly graphitized basic structural units. Hard carbon has a complex, tortuous texture composed of open and closed microporosities.

Alloying reaction

Reaction between a p-block host material and a guest species such as an alkali ion, through a redox reaction involving the exchange of one or more electrons to form an alloy.

Conversion reaction

It takes place between an alkali ion A ⁺ and a M _a X material _...