2. Evolution of alloys used
The first materials used in medical applications were stainless steels and cobalt-chromium alloys. Despite their good resistance to corrosion, due to the formation of a passivation layer which renders them inert in a physiological environment, the release of metal ions is possible and is the cause of numerous harmful effects for the organism . What's more, their high elastic modulus compared with that of bone (190 GPa for stainless steels and 240 GPa for Co-Cr-based alloys)...
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Evolution of alloys used
Formulation and selection criteria for beta-metastable titanium alloys
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