1. Gypsum and anhydrite
Calcium sulfate is found in nature in two main forms:
hydrated with two molecules of water per molecule of calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 . 2H 2 O): this is gypsum ;
anhydrous (CaSO 4 ): this is anhydrite.
It can also be found, in certain specific geological situations, hydrated with a fraction of one water molecule per molecule of calcium sulfate: this is bassanite (CaSO 4 . 1/2 H 2 O), metastable under normal conditions and only found in small quantities (less than 1% by mass) in gypsum.
Gypsum and anhydrite also exist as by-products...
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Gypsum and anhydrite
Gypsum dehydration products
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Gypsum around the world
The United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) estimates global gypsum reserves at 2,300 million tonnes. However, not all existing deposits have been identified, and potential resources are certainly higher.
The United States and Canada have the largest identified reserves, estimated at 730 and 450 million tonnes respectively. Europe has around 800 million tonnes of reserves...
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