Future prospects
Smart cardsTechnology and Cybersecurity

Fantastic progress has been made in the world of semiconductors since the 1970s, with processor power doubling every two years. Today, the refinement of etching techniques enables us to go down to etch finenesses of 10, 7 or even 5 nm. 7 nm went into production in 2018. This evolution, known as Moore's Law, has continued until today, before slowing down and probably giving way to new approaches involving superconductors, photons, ions and 3D structures.

The chipboard market has also embraced this technological revolution, massively deploying chips with 90 nm or even 45 nm etchings.

The size of board chips, limited to 25 mm ² , mainly due to the physical constraints of embedding, is no longer a critical factor, since several tens or even hundreds of millions of transistors can be integrated, bringing...