1. Accelerating charged particles
1.1 Relativistic particle energy
The relativistic formulation is used to describe the motion of accelerated particles, which reach speeds close to that of light. A particle in motion can be defined by its absolute velocity v, or by its relative velocity β = v /c, c being the speed of light in a vacuum. Its energy at rest is equal to E0 = mc2, where m is its mass. Its total energy in motion is equal to γ · mc2 where γ is the Lorentz factor relating to the particle's motion :
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Accelerating charged particles
Radio-frequency cavities
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