5. Integrating heat pumps into industrial processes
A heat pump transfers energy from a cold source to a hot source by consuming drive energy. Its efficiency is characterized by the coefficient of performance (COP): the ratio of the heat output to the power input.
Hot source limited to 120 °C for conventional compression-type heat pumps.
COP: 1.5 to 4, depending on the temperature difference between the cold source and the hot source.
For high temperatures (60–120 °C), the choice of refrigerant is critical.
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Integrating heat pumps into industrial processes