Issues relating to the application of the concept
Nature-based solutions for societies and biodiversity

Despite the relevance and necessity of using SfNs, there are still a number of obstacles to their acceptance and widespread use. The lack of technical and scientific monitoring of the impact of interventions on the targeted challenge(s) and biodiversity, as well as the benefits obtained, limits the demonstrative nature of SfNs and thus their deployment and dissemination. This recurring obstacle can be explained by the compartmentalization of sectors, and the lack of economic resources and human and technical resources dedicated to monitoring. Similarly, apart from certain specific research projects based on quantitative assessments, the lack of cost-benefit assessments to measure the economic benefits of SfN compared with conventional...