ABSTRACT
Vibrations generated by a machine in operation transcribe a vibratory signature, reflecting her behaviour in terms of its operating plays, frictions or shocks. The slightest modification of this “signature” reflects the manifestation of an anomaly in the moving parts, anomaly which can lead to degradation or even a breakdown of the equipment. Periodic analysis of these vibrations thus provides a real indicator for monitoring faults, whether prevention or diagnosis,thus making it possible to avoid many production failures.
This article proposes to show the interest and the limits of each of the different existing techniques and to illustrate by various real case studies their implementation and the approach used for the development of the diagnosis.
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INTRODUCTION
All machines in operation generate vibrations. Because vibration is representative of the dynamic forces generated by moving parts, it occupies a privileged position among the parameters to be taken into consideration to ensure effective monitoring of machine operation. This is all the more the case as any change in a machine's vibration "signature" is often the first physical sign of an anomaly, and a potential cause, in the more or less long term, of a breakdown or deterioration detrimental to production, equipment longevity, finished product quality, or personnel safety.
These particularities make vibration analysis techniques, whether they are implemented to periodically monitor the evolution of a selected indicator (or set of indicators) until an alarm threshold is exceeded, or to establish a diagnosis ruling on the nature and severity of a failure and the urgency of intervention, one of the main tools for preventing breakdowns and studying how they occur.
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KEYWORDS
vibration
| Monitoring
| conditional maintenance
Ongoing reading
Reinforcement of machine reliability through vibration analysis