1. LOPA method
1.1 Origin and evolution
The genesis of the LOPA method is presented by CPPS in . According to this work, the LOPA method has its origins in two publications:
At the end of the 1980s, the Chemical Manufacturers Association (now the American Chemistry Council) introduced the concept of protective layers and recommended that they be taken into account as part of the management system;
In 1993, the Center of Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) introduced Guidelines...
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LOPA method
The "original" LOPA: a non-unambiguous method
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