1. Background information
To provide a clearer understanding of the diversity of diking systems, a few significant examples from France, the USA and the Netherlands are presented in the form of brief histories. These examples will provide a better understanding of the situations we are now faced with.
1.1 The Loire levees
The levees along the Loire (figure 1 ) are very old structures, with the earliest historical references dating back to the 8th century (Charlemagne's decree of 779)
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Background information
Situation of dikes in relation to hydraulic hazards
Bibliography
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