Applications
Applications of biosensors: from food control to search for life on Mars

The applications of biosensors to food analysis are extremely numerous. They were the subject of a previous issue of Techniques de l'Ingénieur (cf. [19] of [Doc. BIO 7 100] ) and here I shall only mention developments since 2004. They mainly concern the dosage and/or detection of vitamins and fortificants, chemical contaminants, pathogenic micro-organisms, bacterial toxins and genetically modified organisms (GMOs).