1. Mushrooms of interest to the paper industry
The production of pulp involves breaking down wood while preserving the cellulose that forms the paper fiber. To do this, it is necessary to remove or modify certain components of the wood, such as lignin and extractives, including resins and tannins. In nature, certain fungi naturally carry out these breakdown processes using the enzymes present in their metabolism.
The use of microorganisms as a pretreatment for cooking, bleaching, or refining began in the 1970s. Since then, the primary concern has always been selecting a microorganism capable of achieving high delignification selectivity without degrading the cellulose.
The main advantages of using microorganisms are their low cost—due to the ease with which fungi can be cultured—and their environmental impact. The main disadvantages are the very...
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Mushrooms of interest to the paper industry