Conclusion
Evolution of semiconductor random access memories

For performance reasons, most RAM is synchronous. The cost of the dynamic version, with its packet communication and higher throughput, restricts it to high-performance graphics and server applications. For applications with very low power consumption, such as systems backed up by autonomous energy sources, the static asynchronous solution may be chosen. Low-power versions of dynamic memory are appearing, such as LPDDR (Low-Power DDR) SDRAM, to meet the throughput needs of increasingly powerful nomadic systems. They replace the pseudo-static model (PSRAM for Pseudo SRAM) with a dynamic core but an asynchronous static interface. The capacity of a DDR4 SDRAM peaks at 32 Gb with vertically assembled chips, the technology enabling up to 12 to be stacked per case at Samsung (in 2019).

Programmable read-only memory (i.e. mainly flash) seeks to reduce its write time and...