Properties of copper and copper alloys

Overview

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AUTHORS

Dominique ARNAUD : Head of the Research Laboratories Department at the Centre Technique des Industries de la Fonderie (CTIF)
Jean BARBERY : Arts et Manufactures engineer - Head of the Metallurgy Department at the Tréfimétaux Research Center
Roger BIAIS : Engineer from the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - Former engineer at Tréfimétaux's research center
Bernard FARGETTE : Doctor-Engineer - Engineer, Tréfimétaux Research Center
Pierre NAUDOT : Arts et Manufactures engineer - Chief Engineer, Tréfimétaux Research Center

INTRODUCTION

The range of copper alloys is extremely rich in terms of the variety and combination of additions used, and also in terms of their often high proportions (50% maximum, however). Before the 1939-1945 war, at least 300 different alloys were routinely produced, not counting many other compositions that have scarcely progressed beyond the experimental stage. Since then, there has been a continuous effort to rationalize both technically and economically, with a bias towards alloys with a combination of properties that make them particularly effective for one or more major applications, and the abandonment of those of marginal interest.

Relative conductivity C is the percentage conductivity of the material in question in relation to a reference copper with resistivity $ρ_{20}$ equal to 1.724 1 × 10 ^{– 8} $Ω \cdot m$ (or conductivity 58.0 MS/m) at 20°C in the annealed state. This copper-specific value is expressed in % IACS : $C (% IACS) = \frac{1,724 1}{ρ (μΩ \cdot cm)} \times 100$

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Properties of copper and copper alloys

Main classes of copper and its industrial alloys

Bibliography

References

(1) - BENSON (N.D.) et coll - The creep and softenings properties of copper for alternator rotor winding - . J. Inst. Metals, 80, 131-42 (1951-1952).
(2) - Metals handbook, 8, Metallography, structure and phase diagrams -...

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