Conclusion
Composite pipes — Beading study

Beading of composite structures under internal pressure is a phenomenon that is simple in its manifestation, but complex to understand and control. It manifests itself as droplets, jets or a loss of pressure, depending on whether the fluid being transported is a liquid or a gas. It results from the creation of a network of microcracks running through the wall, often at less than 30% of burst pressure. Tubes, tanks and vessels can be ruined in this way. The complexity of the pearling phenomenon is due to the large number of parameters that can intervene interactively, at different scales. In particular, tube structure (winding angle, gel coat, defects) and thermomechanical loading cannot be analyzed independently. Likewise, the constituents of the composite material interact closely. Tubes manufactured by filament winding, with a winding angle of 55°, are the most common and theoretically...