2. Polymers and the barrier effect
Barrier polymers are in a semi-crystalline state, so the crystalline phase can be considered impermeable.
Interesting barrier properties are obtained when the permeable (amorphous) structure has a high cohesive density linked to its chemical nature and a low fraction of free volume, particularly with regard to the material's history and thermal characteristics.
These materials, and their shaping, are described in other articles in Techniques de l'Ingénieur
[13]
and
[14]
. They are frequently combined in multi-layer structures.
Figure
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Polymers and the barrier effect