1. Noise propagation in equipment
Before tackling the subject of filters, it's important to understand not only their purpose, but also the origin of the noise to be filtered. The purpose of a filter is to attenuate high or low frequencies, or even certain frequency bands, as required, and to allow specific frequency bands (functional signals) to pass through.
Differential-mode noise usually comes from power supplies or switching cells. This is often referred to as the "normal" mode, as useful signals are generally transmitted in this mode. In fact, the differential mode is the one in which the currents of the same pair are in opposite directions (figure
1
).
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Noise propagation in equipment