The term coacervation describes the phenomenon of desolvation of macromolecules, leading to phase separation within a solution. Any factor tending to reduce the solvation of a polymer by affecting the properties of the solvent or the charge of the macromolecule will induce this phenomenon. At the end of coacervation, two phases are present in the medium:
one rich in polymer and poor in solvent, coacervat ;
a polymer-poor, solvent-rich supernatant.
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