ABSTRACT
General topology is the branch of mathematics that deals with the fundamental concepts used in topology, and their properties. Its theoretical and applicational utility is found in all branches of analysis and geometry, and in many other scientific disciplines outside mathematics. This article covers the basics of metric space, i.e. sets in which distances between points are rigorously defined, and which are very useful topological spaces. Then come the major topological concepts of separation, countability, compactness and connectedness in metric spaces, and the concept of boundedness. Lastly, metrizability and the fixed-point theorems are addressed.
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AUTHOR
-
Jean-Charles PINOLI
: Professor - École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne, Saint-Étienne, France - To Andrée-Aimée Toucas for her bibliographical support. - To Professor Yann Gavet for his scientific interest.
INTRODUCTION
General topology is presented in a series of six articles; the first two
[AF97][AF98]
focusing on topological spaces, the next two [AF120]
[AF121]
on metric spaces, and the last two
[AF122][AF123]
detailing almost 150 examples of topological/metric spaces with or without the various topological/metric notions presented in the aforementioned articles.
Reading the two articles in the series on topological spaces
[AF97]
and
[AF98]
is not a prerequisite, but is recommended. The reader can refer to them to consult one or more particular points.
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KEYWORDS
compactness
| connectedness
| fixed-point theorems
| topological concepts
Ongoing reading
Metric Spaces I. Basic Notions