1. Space transformation
1.1 Principle
In a letter from 1662, Pierre de Fermat laid down the principle that governs all geometrical optics . Light follows a stationary optical path between two points. Most of the time, it follows the shortest path. In some cases, it takes the longest path. This optical path is defined by the relation (1) , where n is the refractive index, which may depend on spatial coordinates,...
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Space transformation
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