5. Conclusion

In many countries, start-ups have become a key component in the evolution of the economic model, with the aim of creating value and jobs everywhere.

In France, where the state plays an important role, mixed public-private seed investment schemes are on the increase, thanks to a combination of taxation and direct public support. They enable companies to benefit from the involvement and management of a professional private investor-partner, as well as from the global vision of government departments,...