3. Simplification methods
They can be divided into two classes, depending on whether they concern the flow geometry or the unknowns of the problem (velocity and temperature fields)
3.1 Flow geometry
In certain cases of flow in annular geometries (sheath die, tube die, feed zone of a wiring die), it is much easier to describe the geometry and write the equations of the problem in a plane Cartesian reference frame [(x, y ) being the flow plane and z the transverse direction], rather than in the usual cylindrical reference frame (r, θ, z ).
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Simplification methods
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Bibliography
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
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General software (2D and/or 3D flow codes)
Fluent http://www.fluent.com/
PolyDynamics Inc. http://www.polydynamics.com/
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